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Juan Almeida Bosque
Juan Almeida Bosque (February 17, 1927 – September 11, 2009〔 〕) was a Cuban politician and one of the original commanders of the Cuban Revolution. After the 1959 revolution, he was a prominent figure in the Communist Party of Cuba; at the time of his death in 2009, he was a Vice-President of the Cuban Council of State and was its third ranking member. He received several decorations, and both national and international awards, including the title of "Hero of the Republic of Cuba" and the Order of Máximo Gómez.〔(Revolution Commander Juan Almeida Bosque Passes Away on Friday ) by the ''Cuban News Agency'', September 12, 2009〕
==Early life and revolution==
Almeida was born in Havana. He left school at the age of eleven and became a bricklayer. Whilst studying law at the University of Havana in 1952, he became close friends with the revolutionary Fidel Castro and in March of that year joined the Cuban Revolution. In 1953 he joined Fidel and his brother Raúl Castro in the assault on the Moncada Barracks in Santiago, and was arrested and imprisoned with the Castro brothers in the Isle of Pines Prison.〔〔Castro/Ramonet (2007), p. 681〕 During the amnesty of May 15, 1955, he was released and transferred to Mexico.
Almeida returned to Cuba with the Castro brothers, Che Guevara and 78 other revolutionaries on the ''Granma'' expedition, and was one of just 12 who survived the initial landing, during which Cuban government forces killed most of the rebels.〔 Almeida is often credited with shouting "No one here gives up!" (alternatively "here, nobody surrenders") to Guevara, which would become a long-lived slogan of the Cuban revolution, although the quote was actually said by Camilo Cienfuegos. Almeida was also reputed to be a good marksman. Following the landing, Almeida continued to fight Fulgencio Batista's government forces in the guerilla war in the Sierra Maestra mountain range.〔 In 1958, he was promoted to Commander and head of the Santiago Column of the Revolutionary Army.〔 During the revolution, as a black man in a prominent position, he served as a symbol to Afro-Cubans of change from Cuba's discriminatory past.〔
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